Docker

Docker 安装

"不同操作系统"

Posted by banban on 2018-09-25

Debian9

移除旧的docker相关软件

# apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

# apt-get update

安装基本软件

# sudo apt-get install -y \
     apt-transport-https \
     ca-certificates \
     curl \
     gnupg2 \
     software-properties-common

添加docker安装源

# curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | apt-key add -

# apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

# add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"

如果国外源实在是太慢了，用清华源

# add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/debian \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"

# apt-get update

安装

# apt-get install -y docker-ce

更改国内源

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

更改内容

{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"],
    "graph": "/home/chenzhiling/docker/lib"
}

修改好之后重启服务

# sudo service docker restart

查看是否生效

# docker info
Client:
 Debug Mode: false

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 4
 Server Version: 19.03.1
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 894b81a4b802e4eb2a91d1ce216b8817763c29fb
 runc version: 425e105d5a03fabd737a126ad93d62a9eeede87f
 init version: fec3683
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.9.0-6-amd64
 Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 2
 Total Memory: 3.863GiB
 Name: ********
 ID: LVR2:QPFQ:3P2Z:LCND:2XZE:TRJX:M534:DL5X:ME76:QZAL:2UTR:OIFJ
 Docker Root Dir: /home/chenzhiling/docker/lib
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://registry.docker-cn.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

Ubuntu

apt-get update
apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | apt-key add -
add-apt-repository "deb https://download.docker.com/linux/$(. /etc/os-release; echo "$ID") $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
apt-get update && apt-get install -y docker-ce=$(apt-cache madison docker-ce | grep 17.03 | head -1 | awk '{print $3}')

Deepin

apt-get update
apt-get install -y docker.io
systemctl enable docker.service

CentOS7

1、使用 root 权限登录 Centos。确保 yum 包更新到最新。

# yum update

2、卸载旧版本(如果安装过旧版本的话)

# yum remove docker  docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine

3、安装需要的软件包， yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的

# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

4、设置yum源

# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

5、可以查看所有仓库中所有docker版本，并选择特定版本安装

# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/linux/fedora-epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno -1] repomd.xml does not match metalink for epel
Trying other mirror.
http://mirror.horizon.vn/epel/7/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno -1] repomd.xml does not match metalink for epel
Trying other mirror.
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                     docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Packages

6、安装docker

# yum install docker-ce  # 由于repo中默认只开启stable仓库
# yum install <FQPN>     # 例如：sudo yum install docker-ce-17.12.0.ce

7、启动并加入开机启动

# systemctl enable docker
# systemctl start docker

8、验证安装是否成功(有client和service两部分表示docker安装启动都成功了)

# docker version

错误

如果遇到docker服务启动不起来

systemctl start docker

Job for docker.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

则查看错误日志

journalctl -xe

Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain dockerd[100248]: time="2018-12-04T10:31:33.152263785+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer: HandleSubConnStateChange: 0xc4201758d0, CONNECTING"
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain dockerd[100248]: time="2018-12-04T10:31:33.155043419+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer: HandleSubConnStateChange: 0xc4201758d0, READY" modu
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain kernel: overlayfs: failed to resolve '/var/lib/docker/overlay2/multiple-lowerdir-check856558933/lower2:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/multiple-lowerdir-
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain dockerd[100248]: time="2018-12-04T10:31:33.155594196+08:00" level=info msg="pickfirstBalancer: HandleSubConnStateChange: 0xc42016ac00, READY" modu
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain dockerd[100248]: time="2018-12-04T10:31:33.156174381+08:00" level=error msg="[graphdriver] prior storage driver overlay2 failed: driver not suppor
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain dockerd[100248]: Error starting daemon: error initializing graphdriver: driver not supported
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain systemd[1]: docker.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Dec 04 10:31:33 blockchain systemd[1]: Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine.
-- Subject: Unit docker.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- 
-- Unit docker.service has failed.
...

会看到是因为错误Error starting daemon: error initializing graphdriver: driver not supported

解决办法： 在 /etc/docker 目录下创建daemon.json文件，并且加入以下配置(可以先尝试重启)

mkdir /etc/docker && cd /etc/docker && vim daemon.json

{
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
  ]
}

重启服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker

修改源

配置国内源，在/etc/docker/daemon.json下配置

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}

如果原来已经有内容，则可以类似如下添加配置

{
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
  ],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}

重启服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker

查看是否已经添加了镜像源

docker info 

...
Registry Mirrors:
 https://registry.docker-cn.com/
...

安装docker-compose

curl -L --fail https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.19.0/run.sh -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose && sudo cp /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin
docker-compose --version
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